2021衡中同卷周测卷生物答案

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D体裁:说明文主题:人与社会一检测水中的金属污染物【语篇导读】文章介绍了工程师 Emily Hanhauser与同事发明了一种便宜的样本收集装置,这项发明可帮助人们更轻松地检测水中的金属污染物。32.C【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“To make the process more efficient, Emily Hanhauser, a mechanical engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and her colleagues created a low-tech sample-collection device that costs less than two dollars to make.”可知,文中提及的低成本设备是用于提高效率、简化水质检测过程的。故选C项。33.B【命题意图】考查词义猜测。【解题思路】根据语境及画线词所在句“Unlike possibly polluted water samples, which are considered hazardous, the device can be safely mailed to testing equipment. "safely词可知,画线词与 safely的含义相反。此处是指“不像可能被污染的水样本,它们被认为是危险的,这种设备则能安全地被邮寄去检测设备”。因此 hazardous和 dangerous意思相近,意为“危险的”。故选B项。技巧点拨根据对比关系猜测词义在本句中,有对两个事物进行对比的描述,因此我们可以根据画线词的反义词(此处是 safely)猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有 unlike,not,but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast等34.D【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】根据第四段第二句“But existing tools designed for that purpose cannot measure small enough amounts of contaminants(污染物), and they often have too much variation in measurement to be useful, she says.”可知,现有的检测工具的问题在于它们无法测量足够少量的污染物,并且在测量上它们有太大差异而无法使用,所以不够可靠。故选D项。35.A【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】根据第四段第三句“Her group's device might be able to provide remote communities and well owners -who in the U. S. are responsible for their own water-quality monitoring with a possible alternative to transporting high-volume liquid samples over long distances.可知,这种便宜的设备可能会使偏远社区和井主受益。故选A项(偏远乡村的农民)。长难句分析 Putting the attachments in an acid solution releases the absorbed ions, which can then be measured.分析:本句为主从复合句。动名词短语 Putting the attachments in an acid solution作主语, which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词ions, which在从句中作主语。句意:把附加装置放在酸性溶液中(的方法)会释放出被吸收的离子,然后这些离子就可以被测量了。词汇积累 electronic adj.电子的 possibly adv.可能地 storage.贮存,贮藏(空间) measurement.测量 advanced adj.先进的 superiority.优势名师评题D篇阅读的选材不仅能让考生了解最新的科技发展成果,同时也能让他们了解科技的发展是如何助力环保事业的。这不仅可以促使考生深入思考科技创新在人类生活中起到的重要作用,还有利于引导考生培养科学探索精神。