衡水金卷先享卷信息卷理综2021全国一卷A理综2

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【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。年轻的向日葵每天都在旋转和摇摆。新的发现进一步证明这些植物与动物相似。本文介绍向日葵随着太阳转动的原因【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段 When sunflowers track the sun, the east sides of their stems grew more rapidly than thewest sides. At night, the west sides grew faster as the stem swung the other way. The team identified a number ofgenes that were expressed at higher levels on the sunward side of the plant during the day or on the other side atnight. a plant growth-regulating hormone(激素), called auxin, appears to be a key driver(当向日葵沿着太阳生长时,其茎的东侧比西侧生长得更快。到了晚上,随着茎杆向另一边摆动,西边长得更快了。研究小组发现一些基因,这些基因白天在植物向阳的一侧表达水平较高,而晚上则在植物的另一侧表达水平较高。植物生长调节微素,生长素,似乎是一个关键的驱动因素)可知, Harmer用向日葵做实验的目的是研究向日葵为什么会追踪太阳。故选C词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句 By staking plants so that they could not move, Harmer showed that he coulddestroy their ability to track the sun(通过 staking植物,目的是它们不能移动, Harmer认为他可以摧毁他们的太阳跟踪的能力)可推知, Harmer把植物固定住了,由此可知,划线词意为“固定,捆绑”。故选B【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句 He also noticed that sunflowers prevented from moving were not as tough andleafy as those that were free to move.(他还注意到,被阻止移动的向日葵不像那些可以自由移动的向日葵那样坚硬和多叶)可知,向日葵被阻止移动后不能很好地生长。故选D【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 The morning warmth changes the flowers in a way to make them more appealingto insects, perhaps causing them to release more attractive scents earlier in the day.(早晨的温暖在某种程度上改变了花朵,使它们对昆虫更有吸引力,可能导致它们在一天的早些时候释放出更有吸引力的气味)可知,向日葵迎着太阳跳舞的好处是它们能吸引更多的昆虫。故选A【名师点睛】做推理判断题时,切不可脱离语境想当然。在句子或段落中,我们可以利用熟悉的词语,根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。特别注意划线部分前后的内容。本题第2小题,根据第三段第f] By staking plants so that they could not move Harmer showed that he could destroy their ability to track the sun.过 staking植物,目的是它们不能移动, Harmer认为他可以摧毁他们的太阳跟踪的能力。由此可知,是把植物固定住,故选B,更多内容，请微信搜索关注。